Vehicle to grid (V2G) – NRG Energy and University of Delaware eV2gSM technology

A professor at the University of Delaware has patented a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology for parked electric vehicles to return power to the grid and teamed up with NRG Energy to commercialize it. Professor Willett Kempton, who has been testing V2G technology that lessens the load on natural gas plants, told the New York Times utilities would not be interested in buying electricity from individual cars but from groups of perhaps 100 electric vehicles. Nissan, Mitsubishi and Toyota are all developing V2G systems expected to reach customers by the end of 2012.

NRG Energy, Inc., an wholesale power generation company, has announced that it is partnering with the University of Delaware to take electric vehicles, or EVs, to the next level with eV2gSM, a new technology that will enable EV owners to sell electric storage services from the batteries of parked EVs to help stabilize the electricity grid.

"As more electric vehicles hit the road and charging stations such as those provided by NRG’s eVgoSM network in Texas continue to proliferate, EV-to-grid technology is the next logical step in the electrification of our transportation network," said Denise Wilson, President of NRG’s Alternative Energy Services.

eV2g’s technology would allow EV owners to sell battery storage back to the electric grid while the EV is plugged inat no risk or inconvenience to daily driving needs. The program will initially help EV fleet managers to get connected with eV2g, then individual EV owners in the future. Once enrolled and plugged in, eV2g allows EVs to communicate with the grid and lets grid operators take power from connected EVs during peak usage periods, the company said.

Electric car owners can schedule in advance any times their vehicles need more charging than usual, as for a unusually long trip, and what minimum level of charge they want to maintain at all times. eV2g collects payment from the grid operator and pays EV owners for making their vehicles available.

Electric grid operators rely on resources that can help provide or absorb short bursts of energy to keep the grid running smoothly, and parked and plugged-in EVs are ideal for helping to fill that role. Balancing the grid this way generates no additional emissions and can lead to a decrease in electricity costs over the long term by delaying or supplanting the need to build new generation facilities. 

Electric cars powered by electricity generated from cleaner domestic fuels have the potential over time to reduce air emissions dramatically and begin to put the brakes on the ongoing transfer of American wealth to oil-producing nations. America spends approximately a billion dollars a day for imported oil and transportation accounts for more than a quarter of America’s greenhouse gas emissions, the company added.

Electric car owners can schedule in advance any times their vehicles need more charging than usual, as for a unusually long trip, and what minimum level of charge they want to maintain at all times. eV2g collects payment from the grid operator and pays electric vehicle owners for making their vehicles available.

"Energy research, including grid-integrated vehicles, is an important priority for the University of Delaware," said David Weir, director of UD’s Office of Economic Innovation and Partnerships, which oversees the University’s knowledge-based assets from licensing to commercialization. "The energy storage inherent in automobiles is staggering. If all the automobiles in the U.S. were electrified it would be enough to power the entire U.S. for half a day. The strategic partnership between NRG and UD provides the opportunity to tap this enormous potential thereby enhancing energy security, facilitating integration of renewables and lowering the cost of electricity."

"After years of developing the economics, policy, and engineering, then developing systems and testing them, it is gratifying to see the grid-integrated vehicle become a commercial reality," said Kempton. "This technology can be paid well, to provide the short bursts of back-and-forth power that we use to correct imbalances in the electric power grid. In the future, this technology will be important for smoothing out the fluctuations in renewable energy production."

Electric grid operators rely on resources that can help provide or absorb short bursts of energy to keep the grid running smoothly, and parked and plugged-in electric vehicles are ideal for helping to fill that role. Balancing the grid this way generates no additional emissions and can lead to a decrease in electricity costs over the long term by delaying or supplanting the need to build new generation facilities.

According to a press release announcing the partnership, electric vehicles—powered by electricity generated from cleaner domestic fuels—have the potential over time to reduce air emissions dramatically and begin to put the brakes on the ongoing transfer of American wealth to oil-producing nations. America spends approximately a billion dollars a day for imported oil and transportation accounts for more than a quarter of America’s greenhouse gas emissions.

By José Santamarta, www.udel.edu/